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en:praktikum:versuche_bachelor [2020/10/25 22:29] – [C4: Jupiter and its moons (CCD camera)] rhainich | en:praktikum:versuche_bachelor [2024/09/19 10:12] (current) – [C7: Light curve of an eclipsing binary star] rhainich | ||
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==== O1: Astronomy like Kepler ==== | ==== O1: Astronomy like Kepler ==== | ||
+ | <WRAP group> | ||
+ | <WRAP twothirds column> | ||
**Aim: | **Aim: | ||
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* Add an observational protocol and one drawing per participant | * Add an observational protocol and one drawing per participant | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | <WRAP third column> | ||
+ | [{{en: | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | </ | ||
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**Instructions: | **Instructions: | ||
- | Prepare a list of suitable binary stars, taking the observing conditions into account (i.e. latitude). Sources to find binary lists: http://www.calsky.com/cs.cgi/ | + | Prepare a list of suitable binary stars, taking the observing conditions into account (i.e. latitude). Sources to find binary lists: http://www.stophi.de/doppelstern.htm, http://users.compaqnet.be/ |
+ | |||
+ | / | ||
**Report:** The report shall explain the experiment and describe how its work. The basics of binary stars (physical/ | **Report:** The report shall explain the experiment and describe how its work. The basics of binary stars (physical/ | ||
**Comment: | **Comment: | ||
- | |||
==== O3: Lunar craters (eyepiece) ==== | ==== O3: Lunar craters (eyepiece) ==== | ||
- | /* | + | <WRAP group> |
- | Service provided by www.Der-Mond.org | + | <WRAP twothirds column> |
- | Erfahren Sie auf Der-Mond.org alles wissenswertes über unseren Erdtrabanten! Vom Basiswissen über Ephemeridenberechnung, | + | |
- | */ | + | |
- | [{{ http:// | + | |
**Aim:** The aim of this experiment is to identify at least three lunar craters and to calculate their size. | **Aim:** The aim of this experiment is to identify at least three lunar craters and to calculate their size. | ||
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**Report:** Write a report for this experiment that describes the observation and compares the results with literature values. Furthermore, | **Report:** Write a report for this experiment that describes the observation and compares the results with literature values. Furthermore, | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | <WRAP third column> | ||
+ | /* | ||
+ | Service provided by www.Der-Mond.de | ||
+ | Erfahren Sie auf Der-Mond.de alles wissenswertes über unseren Erdtrabanten! Vom Basiswissen über Ephemeridenberechnung, | ||
+ | */ | ||
+ | [{{ https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | /* | ||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | */ | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | </ | ||
==== O4: Jupiter and its moons (eyepiece) ==== | ==== O4: Jupiter and its moons (eyepiece) ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | <WRAP group> | ||
+ | <WRAP twothirds column> | ||
**Aim:** Observe and identify the big moons of Jupiter. | **Aim:** Observe and identify the big moons of Jupiter. | ||
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**Note:** If only one observation could be performed, it can be repeated a few days later. The current positions of the moons of Jupiter can e.g. be seen in [[http:// | **Note:** If only one observation could be performed, it can be repeated a few days later. The current positions of the moons of Jupiter can e.g. be seen in [[http:// | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | <WRAP third column> | ||
+ | [{{en: | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | </ | ||
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==== C1: Deep Sky Imaging ==== | ==== C1: Deep Sky Imaging ==== | ||
- | **Aim: | ||
- | **Method:** Observe with the STF-8300. Take also all necessary correction exposures. The data reduction follows and can be done by use of our scripts or with software chosen by the students. | + | <WRAP group> |
+ | <WRAP twothirds column> | ||
+ | **Aim: | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Method:** Observe with the QHY-600M. Take also all necessary correction exposures. The data reduction follows and can be done by use of our scripts or with software chosen by the students. | ||
**Instructions: | **Instructions: | ||
At the telescope: | At the telescope: | ||
- | * Install the CCD camera with filter wheel at the telescope | + | * Install the CMOS camera with filter wheel at the telescope |
* Cool and focus the camera (e.g. focus at a globular cluster) | * Cool and focus the camera (e.g. focus at a globular cluster) | ||
* Take images of the selected object | * Take images of the selected object | ||
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**Report:** The report shall include both a description of the observations at the telescope and the data reduction at the computer. The basics of CCD technology and the required correction exposures shall be described. The final images shall be qualitatively discussed with respect to possible physical processes and phenomena ("What can be seen there?" | **Report:** The report shall include both a description of the observations at the telescope and the data reduction at the computer. The basics of CCD technology and the required correction exposures shall be described. The final images shall be qualitatively discussed with respect to possible physical processes and phenomena ("What can be seen there?" | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | <WRAP third column> | ||
+ | [{{ost: | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | </ | ||
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//Security advice:// This experiment is not performed with the OST. NEVER point the OST to the Sun! This can permanently damage the OST and the instruments. Observations of the Sun can and may only be performed with intact sun filters, which are only available for our mobile telescopes. In any case, an instructor needs to be present before the telescope is pointed to the Sun. | //Security advice:// This experiment is not performed with the OST. NEVER point the OST to the Sun! This can permanently damage the OST and the instruments. Observations of the Sun can and may only be performed with intact sun filters, which are only available for our mobile telescopes. In any case, an instructor needs to be present before the telescope is pointed to the Sun. | ||
- | + | <WRAP group> | |
- | /* | + | <WRAP twothirds column> |
- | Service provided by www.Der-Mond.org | + | |
- | Erfahren Sie auf Der-Mond.org alles wissenswertes über unseren Erdtrabanten! Vom Basiswissen über Ephemeridenberechnung, | + | |
- | */ | + | |
- | [{{ http:// | + | |
**Aim:** Create a radial brightness profile of the Sun. Use this to verify the limb darkening of the Sun that is an indication of the structure of the Sun (a shining ball of gas). Additionally, | **Aim:** Create a radial brightness profile of the Sun. Use this to verify the limb darkening of the Sun that is an indication of the structure of the Sun (a shining ball of gas). Additionally, | ||
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* Point the telescope to the central part of the sun's disk (try to have both the rim and the central part in one image, otherwise take a series of exposures) | * Point the telescope to the central part of the sun's disk (try to have both the rim and the central part in one image, otherwise take a series of exposures) | ||
* Check the images at the computer, take more exposures if needed | * Check the images at the computer, take more exposures if needed | ||
- | * Extract a radial profile from the raw data and obtain a graphical representation -> [[en: | + | * Extract a radial profile from the raw data and obtain a [[en: |
**Report: | **Report: | ||
\begin{equation*} | \begin{equation*} | ||
- | I(\mu) = \frac{3}{5}\left(\cos{(\mu)}+\frac{2}{3}\right)\qquad \textrm{ with } \qquad\mu=\cos\theta \qquad\textrm{ and }\qquad r/R_\odot = \sin\theta | + | I(\mu) = \frac{3}{5}\left(\mu+\frac{2}{3}\right)\qquad |
+ | \end{equation*} | ||
+ | |||
+ | with | ||
+ | |||
+ | \begin{equation*} | ||
+ | \qquad\mu=\cos\theta \qquad\textrm{ and }\qquad r/R_\odot = \sin\theta | ||
\end{equation*} | \end{equation*} | ||
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++++ | ++++ | ||
- | <color blue> | + | <color blue> |
/* | /* | ||
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*/ | */ | ||
- | + | </ | |
- | ==== C3: Lunar craters (CCD camera) ==== | + | <WRAP third column> |
/* | /* | ||
- | Service provided by www.Der-Mond.org | + | Service provided by www.Der-Mond.de |
- | Erfahren Sie auf Der-Mond.org alles wissenswertes über unseren Erdtrabanten! Vom Basiswissen über Ephemeridenberechnung, | + | Erfahren Sie auf Der-Mond.de alles wissenswertes über unseren Erdtrabanten! Vom Basiswissen über Ephemeridenberechnung, |
*/ | */ | ||
- | [{{ http://feature.sternenwelt.net/ | + | [{{ https://www.der-mond.de/ |
+ | {{ost: | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==== C3: Lunar craters (CCD camera) ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | <WRAP group> | ||
+ | <WRAP twothirds column> | ||
**Aim:** The aim of this observation is to identify at least three lunar craters and to determine their size (diameter). | **Aim:** The aim of this observation is to identify at least three lunar craters and to determine their size (diameter). | ||
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| | ||
| | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | <WRAP third column> | ||
+ | /* | ||
+ | Service provided by www.Der-Mond.de | ||
+ | Erfahren Sie auf Der-Mond.de alles wissenswertes über unseren Erdtrabanten! Vom Basiswissen über Ephemeridenberechnung, | ||
+ | */ | ||
+ | [{{ https:// | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
==== C4: Jupiter and its moons (CCD camera) ==== | ==== C4: Jupiter and its moons (CCD camera) ==== | ||
+ | <WRAP group> | ||
+ | <WRAP twothirds column> | ||
**Aim:** Observe and identify the large moons of Jupiter | **Aim:** Observe and identify the large moons of Jupiter | ||
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**Note:** If only a small number of images could be taken at the time of observations, | **Note:** If only a small number of images could be taken at the time of observations, | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | <WRAP third column> | ||
+ | [{{ost: | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | </ | ||
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<WRAP group> | <WRAP group> | ||
- | < | + | < |
[{{ : | [{{ : | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | < | + | < |
+ | [{{ost: | ||
- | [{{ http://feature.sternenwelt.net/ | + | </ |
+ | <WRAP third column> | ||
+ | |||
+ | [{{ https://www.der-mond.de/ | ||
</ | </ | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | |||
**Report:** The report shall document the observations. At least two mountains shall be observed in this experiment and their heights shall be estimated. Furthermore, | **Report:** The report shall document the observations. At least two mountains shall be observed in this experiment and their heights shall be estimated. Furthermore, | ||
+ | |||
==== C6: Classification of galaxies ==== | ==== C6: Classification of galaxies ==== | ||
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**Method:** Observe five nearby galaxies with the CCD camera (STF-8300) and reduce the data. Discuss the appearance of these galaxies and classify them according to the Hubble sequence. Also research (e.g. with [[http:// | **Method:** Observe five nearby galaxies with the CCD camera (STF-8300) and reduce the data. Discuss the appearance of these galaxies and classify them according to the Hubble sequence. Also research (e.g. with [[http:// | ||
+ | <WRAP group> | ||
+ | <WRAP twothirds column> | ||
+ | \\ | ||
**Instructions: | **Instructions: | ||
* Bring some time -- plan at least 45 minutes per target | * Bring some time -- plan at least 45 minutes per target | ||
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* Classification of the observed galaxies | * Classification of the observed galaxies | ||
* Possible identification of these galaxies (add further images from the internet to support the identification, | * Possible identification of these galaxies (add further images from the internet to support the identification, | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | <WRAP third column> | ||
+ | {{en: | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | </ | ||
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**Method:** Obtain exposures of an eclipsing binary star of the [[https:// | **Method:** Obtain exposures of an eclipsing binary star of the [[https:// | ||
+ | <WRAP group> | ||
+ | <WRAP twothirds column> | ||
^ object | ^ object | ||
| RZ Cas | 1.195247 | | RZ Cas | 1.195247 | ||
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| HS 0705+6700 | | HS 0705+6700 | ||
| ... | | ... | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | <WRAP third column> | ||
+ | [{{ost: | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | </ | ||
**Instructions: | **Instructions: | ||
++++ Data reduction | | ++++ Data reduction | | ||
+ | Please ask a lab course instructor for help. | ||
+ | /* | ||
Use the prepared [[en: | Use the prepared [[en: | ||
+ | */ | ||
++++ | ++++ | ||
**Report: | **Report: | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==== C8: The Sun in H$\alpha$ (experimental ) ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | <WRAP group> | ||
+ | <WRAP twothirds column> | ||
+ | //Security advice:// This experiment is not performed with the OST. NEVER point the OST to the Sun! This can permanently damage the OST and the instruments. Observations of the Sun can and may only be performed with intact sun filters, which are only available for our mobile telescopes. In any case, an instructor needs to be present before the telescope is pointed to the Sun. | ||
+ | |||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | **Aim:** The sun and especially its activity phenomena in the H$\alpha$ light shall be observed and characterized. The Sun's H$\alpha$ emission comes from its chromosphere and thus allows us to study the upper solar atmosphere. With the help of this experiment, the solar atmosphere is to be examined in more detail and the knowledge about which radiation is emitted in which layers is deepened. You will also learn how to use the mobile telescopes. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Method:** A dedicated H$\alpha$ telescope is available for this experiment, which allows the sun to be observed in a very narrow band (<5Å). The filter (actually a combination of two etalons) is tunable so that the Doppler shift of moving structures can be compensated and these structures can be made visible. First the telescope is pointed at the sun and then the focus is adjusted. The contrast is then set using the rear etalon so that the features that you want to photograph are visible. Then the brightness can be adjusted and the contrast optimized using the front etalon. A small series of images can then be taken in order to achieve the best possible result according to the lucky imaging principle. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Instructions: | ||
+ | * Setting up the mobile mount [[en: | ||
+ | * Mounting of the [[en: | ||
+ | * [[en: | ||
+ | * Attachment of the CCD camera and establishment of the connection to the laptop | ||
+ | * Orientation towards the sun and taking of the images | ||
+ | * Pre-checking the images on the laptop, if necessary take additional images | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Report: | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | <WRAP third column> | ||
+ | |||
+ | [{{ost: | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | /* | ||
+ | Ein Service von www.Der-Mond.de | ||
+ | Erfahren Sie auf Der-Mond.de alles wissenswertes über unseren Erdtrabanten! Vom Basiswissen über Ephemeridenberechnung, | ||
+ | */ | ||
+ | [{{ https:// | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
/* | /* |